GENOTOXICITY AND CYTOTOXICITY OF THREE ENDODONTIC SEALERS ON HUMAN PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT STEM CELLS

Abstract

Currently, there are few studies on genotoxicity of bioceramic endodontic sealers. This study aimed to evaluate the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of Sealer Plus BC, AH Plus and MTA Fillapex. Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) were cultured in a 96-well culture plates and characterized by flow cytometry and stem cell surface markers. The tested groups were fresh culture medium (control), Sealer Plus BC, AH Plus and MTA Fillapex. Genotoxicity was evaluated by means of micronucleus formation and cytotoxicity by MTT assay. Cytotoxicity assessment was performed in accordance with ISO 10993-5. Statistical analysis for genotoxicity was performed using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests and two-way ANOVA for cytotoxicity. The cells expressed typical levels of mesenchymal stem cell surface markers. There were no differences in the number of micronuclei among all groups. In all analyzed periods (24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours), the sealers presented statistically different results for cell viability, with Sealer Plus BC presenting the lowest cytotoxicity, followed by the control group, MTA Fillapex and, finally, AH Plus. In conclusion, all sealers had low genotoxicity and Sealer Plus BC had the lowest cytotoxicity.